1- Insulation with glass wool
history :
The Industrial Revolution of the 19th century to the early twentieth century led to countless ideas and innovations that resulted in a change in human life. One of these progressive and revolutionary innovations was the conversion of glass - the oldest and most accessible material produced by man - into fibers.
In 1932, a young researcher named "Dell Clist" was welding pieces of glass to create a vacuum chamber in which the compressed air tube accidentally hit the molten glass, resulting in fine glass fibers, which was later discovered by a researcher. It has been studied and researched under the name of Game Easelter, and from that time until now, significant progress has been made in connection with the mass production of this product.
2- Raw materials and production process
Glass wool is the best known insulator in the mineral wool group (Mineral Wool), whose raw materials consist of mineral minerals including silica (the most abundant material in the earth's crust), feldspar, dolomite, lime, borax and.. In a process called tel, these materials are converted into glass fibers. During this process, the raw materials mentioned in the glass furnace are melted and the resulting melt is passed through the rotating cylindrical openings with the help of flame and compressed air and into fine fibers. They become elastic.
The resulting fibers are then impregnated with a type of resin and the accumulation of these fibers in a heat tunnel under suitable heat and mechanical load reaches the desired thickness and density and is cut and packaged.
3- Thermal insulation mechanism with glass wool
The difference in temperature inside and outside the building causes heat transfer through the walls, ceiling, floor and other components of the building.
The heat flow is transferred from the warmer to the coldest place in three ways: conduction, convection, and radiation, and radiation at the internal and external surfaces of the building is the cause of heat transfer (or cold) and so on. Heat conduction is the main cause of heat transfer in walls, ceilings and floors of buildings.
The presence of a layer of thermal insulation of fiberglass in a wall whose sides are severely limited by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building surrounding the thermal radiation material and also by stopping the air trapped in small cells created in the fiber labia actually converges. It stops and reduces the heat transfer in the said wall to 1.35 states without the use of insulation, because the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the air is stationary and the glass fibers have very low conductivity.
4- Thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal resistance (values of λ and R)
The thermal conductivity coefficient with w / m.k unit is the heat dissipation (transferred) from a wall with a diameter of one meter, the sides of which have a temperature difference of one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). The lower the value of λ, the better and more desirable its insulating properties, as this value is 0.40 for w / m.k glass wool thermal insulation and 1.7 for the concrete wall.
Architectural engineers use another variable called thermal resistance or R to compare the thermal performance of different walls of buildings. This parameter is the inverse of λ and the thickness factor is taken into account (m2.k / w) R = E / λ for example thermal resistance. R is a concrete wall 115 cm thick with a layer of glass wool 2.5 cm thick.
The thermal performance of R and U of a wall is mainly dependent on thermal insulation. The heat transfer fluid from the wall depends on the temperature difference between inside and outside and the resistance R of the wall.
In each of the components, the wall has its own thermal properties: brick and concrete, insulation, Rendering The thermal resistance of the wall is equal to the sum of the thermal resistances of each component, from the inner cover to the outer facade and Superficial resistors.
With a larger R, the wall is more resistant to heat loss
R = ∑R + rsi + rsc
Recent resistance is related to the exchange of convective and radiant heat of the wall surfaces with the air inside and outside.
The value of U is a coefficient that determines the ability of the wall surface to transfer heat. The value of U is reversed by R and is expressed in w / m2.k.
Uc = 1 ∑R + rsi + rsc
However, in addition to considering the insulation of different levels of the building, including walls, ceilings and floors, sufficient attention should be paid to the impact times of these surfaces. Experience has shown that heat transfer from these sections can drastically reduce the thermal performance of the entire building.
Architectural and structural engineers refer to this as thermal bridges. A good design can reduce heat loss from bridges to a minimum. Fortunately, the ease of use of glass wool products, including sufficient durability and flexibility in roll and semi-rigid products up to a density of 50 kg / m3, and good cutting of hard glass wool panels and very high mechanical load tolerance of these products, facilitates both insulation and stage insulation. In the implementation phase, it has provided structural engineers.
5- Energy saving, comfort conditions
Thermal insulation is a safe investment to increase the efficiency of the building and save energy. With effective insulation in the building, up to 60% energy savings are possible.
The contribution of each component, a building in energy loss in the cold season, shows that only with the basic insulation of the roof can be prevented up to 30% of energy emissions.
Energy loss share
Roof: 30%
Wall: 16%
Floor: 16%
Thermal bridges: 3%
Air exchange: 0%
On the other hand, in hot seasons and tropical regions, insulation can be studied in two aspects: firstly, reducing the volume of required cooling equipment and secondly, saving energy.
About glasswool
1- Insulation with glass wool
history :
The Industrial Revolution of the 19th century to the early twentieth century led to countless ideas and innovations that resulted in a change in human life. One of these progressive and revolutionary innovations was the conversion of glass - the oldest and most accessible material produced by man - into fibers.
In 1932, a young researcher named "Dell Clist" was welding pieces of glass to create a vacuum chamber in which the compressed air tube accidentally hit the molten glass, resulting in fine glass fibers, which was later discovered by a researcher. It has been studied and researched under the name of Game Easelter, and from that time until now, significant progress has been made in connection with the mass production of this product.
2- Raw materials and production process
Glass wool is the best known insulator in the mineral wool group (Mineral Wool), whose raw materials consist of mineral minerals including silica (the most abundant material in the earth's crust), feldspar, dolomite, lime, borax and.. In a process called tel, these materials are converted into glass fibers. During this process, the raw materials mentioned in the glass furnace are melted and the resulting melt is passed through the rotating cylindrical openings with the help of flame and compressed air and into fine fibers. They become elastic.
The resulting fibers are then impregnated with a type of resin and the accumulation of these fibers in a heat tunnel under suitable heat and mechanical load reaches the desired thickness and density and is cut and packaged.
3- Thermal insulation mechanism with glass wool
The difference in temperature inside and outside the building causes heat transfer through the walls, ceiling, floor and other components of the building.
The heat flow is transferred from the warmer to the coldest place in three ways: conduction, convection, and radiation, and radiation at the internal and external surfaces of the building is the cause of heat transfer (or cold) and so on. Heat conduction is the main cause of heat transfer in walls, ceilings and floors of buildings.
The presence of a layer of thermal insulation of fiberglass in a wall whose sides are severely limited by the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building surrounding the thermal radiation material and also by stopping the air trapped in small cells created in the fiber labia actually converges. It stops and reduces the heat transfer in the said wall to 1.35 states without the use of insulation, because the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the air is stationary and the glass fibers have very low conductivity.
4- Thermal conductivity coefficient and thermal resistance (values of λ and R)
The thermal conductivity coefficient with w / m.k unit is the heat dissipation (transferred) from a wall with a diameter of one meter, the sides of which have a temperature difference of one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). The lower the value of λ, the better and more desirable its insulating properties, as this value is 0.40 for w / m.k glass wool thermal insulation and 1.7 for the concrete wall.
Architectural engineers use another variable called thermal resistance or R to compare the thermal performance of different walls of buildings. This parameter is the inverse of λ and the thickness factor is taken into account (m2.k / w) R = E / λ for example thermal resistance. R is a concrete wall 115 cm thick with a layer of glass wool 2.5 cm thick.
The thermal performance of R and U of a wall is mainly dependent on thermal insulation. The heat transfer fluid from the wall depends on the temperature difference between inside and outside and the resistance R of the wall.
In each of the components, the wall has its own thermal properties: brick and concrete, insulation, Rendering The thermal resistance of the wall is equal to the sum of the thermal resistances of each component, from the inner cover to the outer facade and Superficial resistors.
With a larger R, the wall is more resistant to heat loss
R = ∑R + rsi + rsc
Recent resistance is related to the exchange of convective and radiant heat of the wall surfaces with the air inside and outside.
The value of U is a coefficient that determines the ability of the wall surface to transfer heat. The value of U is reversed by R and is expressed in w / m2.k.
Uc = 1 ∑R + rsi + rsc
However, in addition to considering the insulation of different levels of the building, including walls, ceilings and floors, sufficient attention should be paid to the impact times of these surfaces. Experience has shown that heat transfer from these sections can drastically reduce the thermal performance of the entire building.
Architectural and structural engineers refer to this as thermal bridges. A good design can reduce heat loss from bridges to a minimum. Fortunately, the ease of use of glass wool products, including sufficient durability and flexibility in roll and semi-rigid products up to a density of 50 kg / m3, and good cutting of hard glass wool panels and very high mechanical load tolerance of these products, facilitates both insulation and stage insulation. In the implementation phase, it has provided structural engineers.
5- Energy saving, comfort conditions
Thermal insulation is a safe investment to increase the efficiency of the building and save energy. With effective insulation in the building, up to 60% energy savings are possible.
The contribution of each component, a building in energy loss in the cold season, shows that only with the basic insulation of the roof can be prevented up to 30% of energy emissions.
Energy loss share
Roof: 30%
Wall: 16%
Floor: 16%
Thermal bridges: 3%
Air exchange: 0%
On the other hand, in hot seasons and tropical regions, insulation can be studied in two aspects: firstly, reducing the volume of required cooling equipment and secondly, saving energy.
IranGlassWool (Author)
Glass wool